Author: chakir.mahjoubi

Introduction VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) is a sentiment analysis tool specifically attuned to sentiments expressed in social media. It is sensitive to both polarity (positive/negative) and intensity (strength) of emotion. VADER is widely used because of its simplicity and efficiency, especially for short texts like tweets, comments, or reviews. VARDER Sentiment Analysis…

Introduction The Internet is a space without borders. It allows people to connect and discover new things and new products in other parts of the world, read about other cultures and habits.  In contrast to high street locations, the products listed on an on-line page or shop can easily be offered across the globe and be seen by many…

Translation studies is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of translation, interpreting, and localization. As an interdiscipline, translation studies borrows much from the various fields of study that support translation. These include comparative literature, computer science, history, linguistics, philology, philosophy, semiotics, and terminology. The term “translation studies” was coined by the Amsterdam-based American scholar James S. Holmes in his 1972 paper “The name…

Introduction Rule Based POS Tagging One of the oldest techniques of tagging is rule-based POS tagging. Rule-based taggers use a dictionary or lexicon for getting possible tags for each word. If the word has more than one possible tag, then rule-based taggers use hand-written rules to identify the correct tag. Disambiguation can also be performed…

1. Introduction Managers who work internationally recognize that failure to take into account the specific characteristics of the local operating environments, notably the official language and cultural differences, can have costly adverse effects. The multilingual capability of any information or document system’s applications that are intended to contribute toward companies’ international strategies or, more generally,…

Introduction The semantic web refers to the next stage in the development of the world wide web. In what is known as Web 3.0, information is no longer just linked, but web content is enriched and linked with machine-readable, semantic metadata. The aim is to optimise the information exchange on the web by enabling machines to distinguish and…

The TreeTagger is a tool for annotating text with part-of-speech and lemma information. It was developed by Helmut Schmid in the TC project at the Institute for Computational Linguistics of the University of Stuttgart. In the realm of natural language processing (NLP), part-of-speech (POS) tagging serves as a fundamental component that facilitates various linguistic analyses,…

Introduction The internet is a vast ocean of information, but much of it exists in isolated islands. We find websites, databases, and documents brimming with valuable data, but often these resources struggle to communicate with each other. This is where Linked Data steps in, offering a revolutionary approach to data management and information access. What…

Introduction Language modelling is a fundamental aspect of natural language processing (NLP) that aims to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words appearing in a sentence. This paper provides an overview of language modelling, exploring its history, methodologies, challenges, and applications. We discuss various models ranging from traditional n-gram approaches to modern neural architectures,…

Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT) promises a future brimming with interconnected devices, generating a torrent of data from every corner of our lives. From smart homes and wearable technology to industrial sensors and connected vehicles, the sheer volume and variety of information are staggering. But data without context is just noise. This is where…

Introduction In today’s increasingly interconnected digital world, the challenge of sharing and using data effectively is paramount. Different systems and organizations often use varying formats, terminologies, and structures, leading to data silos and hindering interoperability. This is where the powerful combination of Semantic Interoperability and Linked Open Data (LOD) comes into play. The Problem: The Struggle for Data Understanding…

Introduction Bridging the Linguistic Divide: The Challenge and Promise of In our increasingly interconnected world, language barriers remain a significant obstacle to communication and collaboration. While powerful machine translation systems have made significant strides, they often struggle to accurately translate languages with limited data – the so-called “low-resource languages.” This poses a critical challenge, particularly…